iNEXT3D: iNterpolation and EXTrapolation with three dimensions of... in iNEXT.3D: Interpolation and Extrapolation for Three Dimensions of Biodiversity (2024)

(a) For datatype = "abundance", data can be input as a vector of species abundances (for a single assemblage), matrix/data.frame (species by assemblages), or a list of species abundance vectors.
(b) For datatype = "incidence_raw", data can be input as a list of matrices/data.frames (species by sampling units); data can also be input as a single matrix/data.frame by merging all sampling units across assemblages based on species identity; in this case, the number of sampling units (nT, see below) must be specified.

selection of diversity type: 'TD' = Taxonomic diversity, 'PD' = Phylogenetic diversity, and 'FD' = Functional diversity.

a numerical vector specifying the diversity orders. Default is c(0, 1, 2).

data type of input data: individual-based abundance data (datatype = "abundance") or species by sampling-units incidence/occurrence matrix (datatype = "incidence_raw") with all entries being 0 (non-detection) or 1 (detection).

an integer vector of sample sizes (number of individuals or sampling units) for which diversity estimates will be computed. If NULL, then diversity estimates will be computed for those sample sizes determined by the specified/default endpoint and knots.

an integer specifying the sample size that is the endpoint for rarefaction/extrapolation. If NULL, then endpoint = double reference sample size.

an integer specifying the number of equally-spaced knots (say K, default is 40) between size 1 and the endpoint;each knot represents a particular sample size for which diversity estimate will be calculated. If the endpoint is smaller than the reference sample size, then iNEXT3D() computes only the rarefaction esimates for approximately K evenly spaced knots. If the endpoint is larger than the reference sample size, then iNEXT3D() computes rarefaction estimates for approximately K/2 evenly spaced knots between sample size 1 and the reference sample size, and computes extrapolation estimates for approximately K/2 evenly spaced knots between the reference sample size and the endpoint.

a positive integer specifying the number of bootstrap replications when assessing sampling uncertainty and constructing confidence intervals. Enter 0 to skip the bootstrap procedures. Default is 50.

a positive number < 1 specifying the level of confidence interval. Default is 0.95.

(required only when datatype = "incidence_raw" and input data in a single matrix/data.frame) a vector of positive integers specifying the number of sampling units in each assemblage. If assemblage names are not specified (i.e., names(nT) = NULL), then assemblages are automatically named as "assemblage1", "assemblage2",..., etc.

(required argument for diversity = "PD"), a phylogenetic tree in Newick format for all observed species in the pooled assemblage.

(argument only for diversity = "PD"), a vector of numerical values specifying reference times for PD. Default is NULL (i.e., the age of the root of PDtree).

(argument only for diversity = "PD"), select PD type: PDtype = "PD" (effective total branch length) or PDtype = "meanPD" (effective number of equally divergent lineages). Default is "meanPD", where meanPD = PD/tree depth.

(required argument for diversity = "FD"), a species pairwise distance matrix for all species in the pooled assemblage.

(argument only for diversity = "FD"), select FD type: FDtype = "tau_values" for FD under specified threshold values, or FDtype = "AUC" (area under the curve of tau-profile) for an overall FD which integrates all threshold values between zero and one. Default is "AUC".

(argument only for diversity = "FD" and FDtype = "tau_values"), a numerical vector between 0 and 1 specifying tau values (threshold levels). If NULL (default), then threshold is set to be the mean distance between any two individuals randomly selected from the pooled assemblage (i.e., quadratic entropy).

(argument only for diversity = "FD" and FDtype = "AUC"), a numeric number to cut [0, 1] interval into equal-spaced sub-intervals to obtain the AUC value by integrating the tau-profile. Equivalently, the number of tau values that will be considered to compute the integrated AUC value. Default is FDcut_number = 50. A larger value can be set to obtain more accurate AUC value.

the name of assemblage.

the diversity order of q.

the target sample size (or number of sampling units for incidence data).

Rarefaction, Observed, or Extrapolation, depending on whether the target sample size is less than, equal to, or greater than the size of the reference sample.

the estimated diversity estimate.

the bootstrap lower and upper confidence limits for the diversity of order q at the specified level (with a default value of 0.95).

the standardized coverage value.

the bootstrap lower and upper confidence limits for coverage at the specified level (with a default value of 0.95).

the reference times for PD.

"PD" (effective total branch length) or "meanPD" (effective number of equally divergent lineages) for PD.

the threshold of functional distinctiveness between any two species for FD (under FDtype = tau_values).

the name of assemblage.

the diversity order of q.

the observed diversity.

the asymptotic diversity estimate.

standard error of asymptotic diversity.

the bootstrap lower and upper confidence limits for asymptotic diversity at the specified level (with a default value of 0.95).

the reference times for PD.

"PD" (effective total branch length) or "meanPD" (effective number of equally divergent lineages) for PD.

the threshold of functional distinctiveness between any two species for FD (under FDtype = tau_values).